معرفت فلسفی

Abstract This article aims to demonstrate that the trans-substantial motion of the soul, as argued by Mullā Ṣadrā, is not a metaphysical presupposition but a logical consequence of the Peripatetic premises themselves. The dominant Peripatetic theory, based on the "spiritual origination and subsistence" of the soul, faces significant internal inconsistencies when explaining its relation to the material body and its development from sense-perception to intellection. Mullā Ṣadrā, through an internal critique of these very premises, established the theory of "corporeal origination and spiritual subsistence" based on trans-substantial motion. ‘Allāmah Miṣbāḥ Yazdī provided a precise articulation of this proof. This research employs an analytical-reconstructive method with an internalist approach. The proof's premises are extracted from Miṣbāḥ's exposition and formulated into a five-premise conjunctive syllogism. It begins with the soul as the essential specific difference and the external unity of genus and specific difference, concluding with the impossibility of transitioning from corporeality to immateriality without a transformation of substance. The main finding is that accepting this motion is the only way to provide a coherent explanation of the soul-body relationship, human perfection, and the transition to immateriality.