Ma`rifat Falsafi

The scientific study of extraordinary phenomena, such as near-death experiences, out-of-body experiences, telepathy, spirit summoning, and prophetic dreams, faces significant methodological challenges due to conflicting viewpoints, common biases, and the unique nature of these phenomena. This article aims to present a novel and integrated framework in the field of methodology that can overcome these obstacles and provide a foundation for more coherent and impartial research. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the proposed framework is based on strategic principles, including: • Fair distribution of the burden of proof between the claimant and the denier; • Critiquing promising materialism in the light of existing evidence; • Adopting a networked approach to conclusions by utilizing a wide range of human knowledge (including empirical, rational, etc.). This framework emphasizes accepting indirect observation (through measurable outcomes and verification), redefining the concept of "repetition" (as the repetition of similar patterns, not necessarily identical outcomes), revising previous evaluation methods, and offering alternative criteria. Ultimately, this article seeks to outline a more coherent, impartial, and tangible research path for examining extraordinary phenomena and supernatural instances, aiming to foster a deeper understanding of these phenomena and their potential implications.