Ma`rifat Falsafi

The cause and effect necessity is one of the important branches of the causality principle. Generally speaking, it means the necessary existence of the effect when its ultimate cause exists (necessity by comparison), and because of it (necessity by the other). This necessity, also called philosophical determinism, is quite endorsed and established by philosophers. Some theologians, especially the Ash'arite, however, completely reject it. Usūlīyīn (scholars of the principles of jurisprudence) accept this necessity just in non-free causes. Ayatullah Fayyazi rejects the anterior necessity by the other (according to its famous interpretation) in all causes, whether free or non-free; however, he maintains that this type of necessity is true in both cases with another interpretation. Necessity by comparison, in his view, is just acceptable in non-free causes. Ayatullah Fayyzi's view in negating some forms of necessity, though consistent with the views of theologians and scholars of the principles of jurisprudence, is basically different from them. Here, we have dealt with these distinctions in detail.