Ma`rifat Falsafi, Volume 3, Issue 4, No 12, Year 2025 , Pages 131-167

    قانون طبیعی و نقش آن در فلسفه حقوق یونان باستان

    Article Type: 
    Promotional
    Writers:
    Mohammad hosein Talebi / / / mhtalebi@rihu.ac.ir
    Pages: 131-167 Receive Date: 2025/02/17
    چکیده و کلیدواژه فارسی (Persian)
    Title :قانون طبیعی و نقش آن در فلسفه حقوق یونان باستان
    Abstract: 
    آموزه «قانون طبیعی» در حوزه تفکر بشر، دارای سابقه ای دیرینه است. این آموزه مشتمل بر گستره پهناوری از نظریه هاست که از زمان تمدن یونان باستان، در حوزه های علوم اجتماعی نقش محوری ایفا کرده است. با وجود اینکه آموزه «قانون طبیعی» در خلال قرن های متمادی به گونه هایی متفاوت تفسیر شده است، اما همه این قرائت ها در چند اصل ثابت اتفاق نظر دارند: این اصول واقعی اند، نه اعتباری؛ وابسته به طبیعت جهان یا طبیعت بشرند؛ در ذات خود مبانی عقلی برای قواعد اخلاقی محسوب می شوند و می توانند بنیاد همه شاخه های علوم اجتماعی قرار گیرند. قانون طبیعی با قانون بشری تفاوت بسیار دارد؛ قانون زندگی است که طبیعت بشر یا طبیعت جهان آن را الهام می کند. نظریه های مربوط به «قانون طبیعی» به دو دسته سنّتی و جدید تقسیم می شوند: نظریه های سنّتی مشتمل بر سه دوره طولانی است: دوره یونان باستان، دوره روم باستان و دوره مسیحیت (قرون میانه). این نوشتار به شرح مختصری درباره «قانون طبیعی» در دوره یونان باستان همراه با ذکر نکاتی انتقادی نسبت به آن می پردازد.
    Keywords: 
    عدالت
    طبیعت
    قانون طبیعی
    پیش سقراطیان
    سوفسطاییان
    فیلسوفان یونان باستان.
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    Talebi, Mohammad hosein.(2025) قانون طبیعی و نقش آن در فلسفه حقوق یونان باستان. Ma`rifat Falsafi, 3(4), 131-167

    APA | MLA | HARVARD | VANCOUVER

    Mohammad hosein Talebi."قانون طبیعی و نقش آن در فلسفه حقوق یونان باستان". Ma`rifat Falsafi, 3, 4, 2025, 131-167

    APA | MLA | HARVARD | VANCOUVER

    Talebi, M.(2025) 'قانون طبیعی و نقش آن در فلسفه حقوق یونان باستان', Ma`rifat Falsafi, 3(4), pp. 131-167

    APA | MLA | HARVARD | VANCOUVER

    Talebi, M. قانون طبیعی و نقش آن در فلسفه حقوق یونان باستان. Ma`rifat Falsafi, 2025; 3(4): 131-167